Do sit-ups burn belly fat?

MIXED EVIDENCE
7 in PubMed PubMed results Last checked May 2026
Sit-ups alone don't reduce belly fat, but when combined with aerobic exercise, some spot reduction may occur.
The strongest evidence shows that sit-ups and abdominal exercises alone do not reduce belly fat or abdominal circumference. However, one recent study found that combining abdominal exercises with aerobic training resulted in greater trunk fat loss compared to aerobic exercise alone, suggesting some spot reduction may be possible with the right combination approach.
Overall confidence
75%
RCT quality
70%
Expert consensus
65%
RCTs found
7 in PubMed
Largest trial
84 participants
Date range
2010–2026
Effect size
none to small
Key studies
J Strength Cond Res · 2011
Six weeks of abdominal exercises alone did not reduce abdominal fat or circumference
PubMed 21804427 ↗
Physiol Rep · 2023
Combined abdominal exercises with aerobic training reduced trunk fat more than aerobic training alone
PubMed 38010201 ↗
Res Q Exerc Sport · 2010
Body mass and subcutaneous fat, not waist circumference alone, predicted sit-up performance
PubMed 20949847 ↗
Caveats
Most studies had small sample sizes and short durations. The evidence for spot reduction is limited to one recent study that combined abdominal exercises with significant aerobic training.

People also ask

Will doing sit-ups give me a flat stomach?
Sit-ups alone won't reduce belly fat, but they can strengthen abdominal muscles underneath the fat layer.
What's the best way to lose belly fat?
Overall weight loss through diet and aerobic exercise is most effective for reducing abdominal fat.
Is spot reduction real?
Traditional spot reduction is largely debunked, though one recent study suggests it may be possible when combining targeted exercises with aerobic training.
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BustMyMyth synthesizes published RCT evidence. It is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional. Sources: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov.